Dataset
Monthly mean CO2 at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii (Keeling curve)
noaa.co2.mauna_loa.monthly
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About
Monthly mean atmospheric carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa since March 1958, the Keeling curve: the monthly average and the deseasonalized value, in parts per million. March 1958 to April 1974 are Scripps Institution of Oceanography measurements. December 2022 to July 2023 come from Maunakea, about 21 miles north, while Mauna Loa was closed by its eruption.
Cite as: Dr. Xin Lan, NOAA/GML (gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/) and Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/).
- Publisher
- NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
- Tier
- OfficialVerified
- Covers
- 1958–now
- Places
- Mauna Loa, Hawaii
- Updated
- monthly
- Last modified
- not stated
- Units
- ppm (micromol per mol, dry air)
- License
- U.S. Government Work (public domain)
- Method
- https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/about/co2_measurements.html
Columns
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| year | integer | |
| month | integer | |
| date | date | the first of the month |
| decimal_date | number | the middle of the month |
| average | number | monthly mean CO2, ppm |
| deseasonalized | number | with the average seasonal cycle removed, ppm |
| ndays | integer | days with data; empty before 1974 and for interpolated months |
| sdev | number | standard deviation of the daily means, ppm |
| unc | number | uncertainty of the monthly mean, ppm |
Dimensions
| Name | Values |
|---|---|
| date |